Attitude of Jordanian youth over violation of others' privacy through social media and web applications: A field study

تعد شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي والتطبيقات الرقمية مثل الفيس بوك واليوتيوب وتطبيق الواتساب مصدرًا رئيسًا في الوقت الراهن للتعرف على أبرز الأحداث ونشر المعلومات، أو إعادة نشرها. وتعتبر إشكالية الحفاظ على خصوصية الأفراد من القضايا النقاشية في الوقت الراهن، خاصة في ظل التطور التقني ومحاولة تقنين استخدام هذه المواقع في بعض الدول. ولذلك، هدف البحث إلى التعرف على دوافع انتهاك خصوصية الآخرين باستخدام شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي والتطبيقات الرقمية، ومواقف الشباب الأردني نحوها. ولتحقيق هدف البحث اعتمد المنهج الوصفي المسحي؛ نظرًا لملاءمته لطبيعة البحث وأهدافه فتكونت العينة من (680) طالبًا وطالبة من جامعات حكومية وخاصة في الأردن، تم اختيارهم عشوائيًّا من المجتمع لتعبئة الاستمارة الإلكترونية. ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصل إليها البحث: 1-بعض أفراد العينة قد مورس بحقهم انتهاك لخصوصيتهم باستخدام شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي أو التطبيقات الرقمية.2-تركزت دوافع الانتهاك بحقهم بين الإساءة للآخرين بقصد تشويه السمعة، ثم قلة الوازع الديني والأخلاقي، ثم الابتزاز المادي والتسلية. 3-أكثر الأساليب التي تم استخدامها في انتهاك الخصوصية تمثلت في استخدام الصور الشخصية 50.3%. 4- ارتفاع نسبة متابعة الشبكات الاجتماعية بين الشباب الجامعي الأردني بنسبة 89.3%. 5-أن ثلث أفراد العينة يتابعون المواقع الاجتماعية من باب تقليدهم للجماعات التي ينتمون إليها. وأوصى البحث بضرورة تفعيل القوانين التي تعاقب المنتهكين، والاهتمام بنشر مفاهيم التربية الإعلامية، وكيفية استخدام الإنترنت ومواقعه وتطبيقاته بصورة أمثل.Social media sites such as Facebook, YouTube and the WhatsApp application are a major source at present to learn about the most important events and use them to publish or re-publish the information. The problem of maintaining the privacy of individuals is one of the issues under discussion at present, especially in light of the technical development and the attempt to legalize the use of these sites in some countries. Therefore, the current study seeks to identify the motives of violating the privacy of others using social networks and applications, while providing solution to this matter from the viewpoint of Jordanian youth. The research adopts descriptive survey approach, given the relevance of this approach to the nature of the study and its objectives. The study sample consisted of (680) male and female students from governmental and private universities in Jordan, who were randomly selected, to fill the electronic questionnaire for the study. The most prominent results of the study are: 1- Some of the Jordanian youth feel that their privacy has been violated by the use of social media; 2-and the motives for violating their rights were between insulting others with the intention to discredit them, then the lack of religious and moral values, material extortion and entertainment; 3-and the most common methods used in violating privacy were using personal photos (50.3%); 4-with a high rate of following social networks among Jordanian university youth by (89.3%); 5-while a third of the respondents admitted that they are following social sites as a way of imitating the groups to which they belong. The study recommended the necessity of activating the laws that punish violators and paying attention to spreading concepts of media education and how to use the Internet, its sites and applications in an optimal way

The credibility of the news on social networking sites among Jordanian journalists

Social Networking Site (SNS) has become an important source of news for journalists in the process of obtaining information and publishing news and articles. Hence, the credibility of the news published on SNS is an important subject for study because journalists are competing with citizens in the dissemination of news. The validity of information on SNS is questionable. The focus of this research is identifying the concept of credibility and the prominent credibility standards that must apply in publishing of news. This study examined the relationship between traditional factors in media, acceptance to use of technology, interactive media, quality of news source, exposure to SNS, and scoop with the credibility of news. The questionnaire was distributed to 375 respondents from 1042 registered journalists in the Jordan Press Association (JPA) using simple random sampling. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to verify the relationships between the variables. The findings of the study largely support the hypothesized relationships proposed in the study model. The factors used in traditional media, such as journalism ethics, editorial policy rules and laws, demonstrates a positive association with the credibility of news published on SNS to maintain its standards. Reliance on media technology adversely affect the credibility of news. Interactive media and quality of source were found to have a positive relationship with the credibility of news, thus increasing the level of credibility when journalists use SNS as a source of news. The findings have implications for knowledge of theories in understanding the relationship between using SNS as a news source and its credibility. The practical contribution of this study will assist journalists in dealing with news on SNS, in order to develop the best journalism practices, and makes recommendation for future research directions

Journalists' Perceptions towards Employing Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Jordan TV's Newsrooms

The study aimed to reveal the perceptions of journalists towards employing artificial intelligence techniques in Jordan TV's Newsrooms. The study sample consisted of journalists working in Jordan TV's Newsrooms. The field study was applied to a simple random sample of (106) through the questionnaire tool. The study used the descriptive exploratory approach. The study concluded that there is a clear effect of employing artificial intelligence techniques according to the perceptions of journalists in the newsrooms of Jordan Television, and the presence of differences between the responses of the respondents of the journalists in the reasons why the newsrooms of the Jordanian television are not ready to employ artificial intelligence techniques. In addition to the above, the study indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in the other reasons for the lack of readiness, where the values of X2 (Chi-squared) were not a significant. However, journalists in the newsrooms of Jordan Television possessed various skills, including: using social networks for research, publishing news stories, and automated content production programs. Finally, there were no statistically significant differences between journalists in digital media skills, and the X2 values were not significant at the significance level (0.05), with the exception of info graphic production skills

Illuminating the needs to study journalists’ perspectives and attitudes on the credibility of news on social networking (SNSs) sites

The role of journalists and journalism has progressed into a moredigitalized journalism. Social Networking Sites (SNSs) allow peopleto take part in online activities and remove the barrier for onlineusers to publish and share information at any place at any time.Thisarticle intends to show that credibility of social media is a key factorthat enhance public engagement and communication effectivenessin the digital/social media, and the factors that could affect thecredibility of news from SNSs. Based on the literature review, thisarticle reviews journalists' awareness of SNSs; an understanding ofwhat constitute 'news credibility' is pursued; and finally, this articlecompares SNSs news credibility to traditional media; andjournalists' dependence on SNSs for news content. The reviewsuggested various factors affect the credibility of news from the newmedia, which is linked to journalism work. These include: theinteractive media, technology acceptance, quality of news' source,and the exposure of the media. The review of the literature suggeststhe dire research needs to focus on journalists' perspectives andattitudes towards the new media to ensure credibility of news andjournalism is continuously sustained and improved

Perspectives and attitudes on the credibility of news on Social Networking (SNSS) sites: Urgent need of research work

The role of journalists, and journalism has progressed into a more digitalized journalism. Social Networking Sites (SNSs) allow people to take part in online activities and remove the barrier for online users to publish and share information at any place at any time. Among various social media, this review limits its review scope to SNSs, which have been considered to be the most pertinent social medium used in the field of communication management.This paper intends to show that credibility of social media is the key factor that enhances public engagement and communication effectiveness in the digital/social media.This paper is intended to elicit the factors that could affect the credibility of news from SNSs.Specifically, this article reviews on the needs to study journalist perspectives and attitudes on the credibility of news published on SNSs sites, and found few variables that could affect the credibility of the media and the news, which is linked to journalistic work. These include: the interactive media, technology acceptance, quality of news’ source, and the exposure of the media.The review of the literature suggests the dire research needs to focus on journalists’ perspectives and attitudes towards the new media to ensure credibility of news and journalism is continuously sustained and improved

The uses of social networking sites among Jordanian journalist

The new role of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) as a news platforms provides a motivation to more action. The Internet has encouraged to change the role of journalists in the communication process, and shifted the news style, and support people to use other news platforms to access information. This study is interested in knowing the reasons for the use of Jordanian journalists to social networking sites in their work.In addition, we aim to find out the change wrought by social networking sites on the roles of journalists and the transition from traditional media to new media. The finding of this paper found that, journalists can bring ideas and feedback about any issue from audiences and via continuous interactivity with users, journalists seeking to develop a different form of relationship more effective than the connection types created by traditional media. The Journalist is working on the review of people and journalists pages, and pages of news sites, local and international newspapers, to know the latest news and details about a specific issue, or to get new ideas could have used in the construction of a report or story

Exploring the Interplay of Cultural Restraint: The Relationship between Social Media Motivation and Subjective Happiness

This study aims to investigate the intricate relationship between social media motivations and subjective happiness, utilizing a novel framework based on the uses and gratifications theory and cultural restraint. Through a quantitative analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) of a sample of 391 young Jordanian adults, the findings reveal a surprising positive correlation between social media motivations and subjective happiness, with cultural restraint emerging as a critical moderator in this dynamic. Cultural restraint negatively moderates the relationship between social media motivations and subjective happiness. By shedding light on the powerful role of cultural factors in shaping our relationship with social media, this study offers essential insights for practitioners seeking to enhance user experiences and maximize well-being. This research expands upon existing knowledge, providing a fresh perspective on the interplay between motivation and happiness, and highlighting the potential for understanding cultural restraint to unlock greater happiness and fulfillment in the digital age. The findings indicate that the positive impact of social media motivations on subjective happiness may be influenced by the level of cultural restraint within a society